Yii1.1 笔记 [ 技术分享 ]
$connection=Yii::app()->db;
// 假设你已经建立了一个 "db" 连接
// 如果没有,你可能需要显式建立一个连接:
// $connection=new CDbConnection($dsn,$username,$password);
// $command=$connection->createCommand($sql);
// 如果需要,此 SQL 语句可通过如下方式修改:
// $command->text=$newSQL;
$rowCount=$command->execute(); // 执行无查询 SQL
$dataReader=$command->query(); // 执行一个 SQL 查询
$rows=$command->queryAll(); // 查询并返回结果中的所有行
$row=$command->queryRow(); // 查询并返回结果中的第一行
$column=$command->queryColumn(); // 查询并返回结果中的第一列
$value=$command->queryScalar(); // 查询并返回结果中第一行的第一个字段
$sql="INSERT INTO tbl_user (username, email) VALUES(:username,:email)";
$command=$connection->createCommand($sql);
// 用实际的用户名替换占位符 ":username"
$command->bindParam(":username",$username,PDO::PARAM_STR);
// 用实际的 Email 替换占位符 ":email"
$command->bindParam(":email",$email,PDO::PARAM_STR);
$command->execute();
// 使用新的参数集插入另一行
$command->bindParam(":username",$username2,PDO::PARAM_STR);
$command->bindParam(":email",$email2,PDO::PARAM_STR);
$command->execute();
$criteria = new CDbCriteria;
$criteria->addCondition("id=1"); //查询条件,即where id = 1
$criteria->addInCondition('id', array(1,2,3,4,5)); //代表where id IN (1,23,,4,5,);
$criteria->addNotInCondition('id', array(1,2,3,4,5));//与上面正好相法,是NOT IN
$criteria->addCondition('id=1','OR');//这是OR条件,多个条件的时候,该条件是OR而非AND
$criteria->addSearchCondition('name', '分类');//搜索条件,其实代表了。。where name like '%分类%'
$criteria->addBetweenCondition('id', 1, 4);//between 1 and 4
$criteria->compare('id', 1); //这个方法比较特殊,他会根据你的参数自动处理成addCondition或者addInCondition,
//即如果第二个参数是数组就会调用addInCondition
$criteria->addCondition("id = :id");
$criteria->params[':id']=1;
$criteria->select = 'id,parentid,name'; //代表了要查询的字段,默认select='*';
$criteria->join = 'xxx'; //连接表
$criteria->with = 'xxx'; //调用relations
$criteria->limit = 10; //取1条数据,如果小于0,则不作处理
$criteria->offset = 1; //两条合并起来,则表示 limit 10 offset 1,或者代表了。limit 1,10
$criteria->order = 'xxx DESC,XXX ASC' ;//排序条件
$criteria->group = 'group 条件';
$criteria->having = 'having 条件 ';
$criteria->distinct = FALSE; //是否唯一查询
1、用脚手架安装yiic,注意把framework下的yiic和php下的php.exe放到PATH中去, 假设应用目录为yiidemo,则先
cd yiidemo
yiic webapp demo(这个是应用程序的名)
之后会产生框架
2、创建controller
cd yiidemo
yiic shell
此时可以help去看帮助
先产生的controller
controller message(controller名) helloworld(方法名)
默认在protectd目录下也产生controller,并且views目录下也有同controller
名相同的views文件
运行:
http://localhost:8082/myphp/yiidemo/index.php?r=message/helloWorld
往视图中传递参数也是一样的:
$theTime = date("D M j G:i:s T Y");
$this->render('helloWorld',array('time'=>$theTime));
VIEW中:
<?php echo $time; ?>
3、yii的HTML帮助类的连接:
<?php echo CHtml::link("Goodbye",array('message/goodbye'));?>
出来的会是一个LINK了,第一个参数是连接的文字,第2个数组是
key-value,分别是controller/method
4、yii的单元测试 测试文件放在protected/tests/unit/中 一般是以Action+Test命名,比如MessageTest.class ,如果要测试的方法为actionHelloworld(),则测试方法为 testActionHelloworld().
功能测试文件放在protected/tests/functional中
5、单元测试步骤 1)安装phpunit
pear channel-discover pear.phpunit.de
pear install phpunit/PHPUnit
(注意升级下pear upgrade -all) 2)下载selenium RC SERVER 3) 修改 test目录下的WebTestCase.php,设置为
define('TEST_BASE_URL','http://localhost:8082/myphp/yiidemo/index-
test.php/');
4) 启动selenium server
5) 测试开始
cd protected/tests/
phpunit functional/SiteTest.php
会自动打开IE,FIREFOX去测试,可以到test\phpunit.xml中去修改浏览器设置
6、TDD 每写一个类,则 phpunit unit/XXXX.PHP测试下
例子
<?
Yii::import('application.controllers.MessageController');
class MessageTest extends CTestCase
{
public function testRepeat()
{
$message = new MessageController('messageTest');
$yell = "Hello, Any One Out There?";
$returnedMessage = $message->repeat($yell);
$this->assertEquals($returnedMessage, $yell);
}
}
?>
7、数据库连接
$connection=new CDbConnection($dsn,$username,$password);
SQLite: sqlite:/path/to/dbfile
? MySQL: mysql:host=localhost;dbname=testdb
? PostgreSQL: pgsql:host=localhost;port=5432;dbname=testdb
? SQL Server: mssql:host=localhost;dbname=testdb
? Oracle: oci:dbname=//localhost:1521/testdb
配置文件在
/protected/config/main.php
修改为MYSQL配置
// application components
'components'=>array(
…
'db'=>array(
'connectionString' => 'mysql:host=127.0.0.1;dbname=trackstar_dev',
'emulatePrepare' => true,
'username' => 'your_db_user_name',
'password' => 'your_db_password',
'charset' => 'utf8',
),
),
使用时:Yii::app()->db
8、启动GII
gii是快速构建的工具之一,实际上就是一个网页的脚手架产生工具
1)配置
protected\config\main.php
增加:
'modules'=>array(
'gii'=>array(
'class'=>'system.gii.GiiModule',
'password'=>'[自己定的密码]',
),
),
2)在数据库中建立表后,到GII中产生MODEL类 3)继续单元测试
<?php
class ProjectTest extends CDbTestCase
{
public function testCRUD()
{
//Create a new project
$newProject=new Project;
$newProjectName = 'Test Project 1';
$newProject->setAttributes(
array(
'name' => $newProjectName,
'description' => 'Test project number one',
'create_time' => '2010-01-01 00:00:00',
'create_user_id' => 1,
'update_time' => '2010-01-01 00:00:00',
'update_user_id' => 1,
)
);
$this->assertTrue($newProject->save(false));
}
}
?>
其中save传递的false参数,是说保存时不再验证合法性了 测试读:
//READ back the newly created project
$retrievedProject=Project::model()->findByPk($newProject->id);
$this->assertTrue($retrievedProject instanceof Project);
$this->assertEquals($newProjectName,$retrievedProject->name);
$newProject->id
找出其ID主键
更新及删除
//UPDATE the newly created project
$updatedProjectName = 'Updated Test Project 1';
$newProject->name = $updatedProjectName; $this-
>assertTrue($newProject->save(false));
//read back the record again to ensure the update worked
$updatedProject=Project::model()->findByPk($newProject->id);
$this->assertTrue($updatedProject instanceof Project);
$this->assertEquals($updatedProjectName,$updatedProject->name);
//DELETE the project
$newProjectId = $newProject->id;
$this->assertTrue($newProject->delete());
$deletedProject=Project::model()->findByPk($newProjectId);
$this->assertEquals(NULL,$deletedProject);
再用脚手架的crud generator,于是就CRUD都可以生成了。
9、validator YII有很多validator,用法:
public function rules()
{
// NOTE: you should only define rules for those attributes that
// will receive user inputs.
return array(
array('create_user_id, update_user_id', 'numerical','integerO
nly'=>true),
array('name', 'length', 'max'=>128),
array('create_time, update_time', 'safe'),
// The following rule is used by search().
// Please remove those attributes that should not be searched.
array('id, name, description, create_time, create_user_id,
update_time, update_user_id', 'safe', 'on'=>'search'),
array('name', 'required'),
);
}
'on'=>'insert'
之类的,是说在INSERT的情况下,规则适合用
array('name','字段’,'字段2'......'required'),
10 创建TEST FIXTURE
1)protected/tests/fixtures/tbl_project.php
,文件都在
protected/tests/fixtures下创建 比如
<?php
return array(
'project1'=>array(
'name' => 'Test Project 1',
'description' => 'This is test project 1',
'create_time' => '',
'create_user_id' => '',
'update_time' => '',
'update_user_id' => '',
),
'project2'=>array(
'name' => 'Test Project 2',
'description' => 'This is test project 2',
'create_time' => '',
'create_user_id' => '',
'update_time' => '',
'update_user_id' => '',
),
'project3'=>array(
'name' => 'Test Project 3',
'description' => 'This is test project 3',
'create_time' => '',
'create_user_id' => '',
'update_time' => '', 'update_user_id' => '',
),
);
之后,在tests/unit/ProjectTest.php
中建立:
<?php
class ProjectTest extends CDbTestCase
{
public $fixtures=array
(
'projects'=>'Project',
);
}
告诉我们去使用刚才的fixture.
使用测试数据
$projectOne = $this->projects['project1'];
11) 在测试时,使用测试数据库 在protected/config/test.php中,如下设置:
return CMap::mergeArray(
require(dirname(FILE).'/main.php'),
array(
'components'=>array(
'fixture'=>array(
'class'=>'system.test.CDbFixtureManager',
),
'db'=>array(
'connectionString' =>
'mysql:host=localhost;dbname=trackstar_test',
'emulatePrepare' => true,
'username' => '[your db username]',
'password' => '[your db password]',
'charset' => 'utf8',
),
),
)
);
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